Glipizide and Metformin Hydrochloride

GLIPIZIDE AND METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE

Manufacturer: Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.

Score: 144.0

Quick Summary

Glipizide and Metformin Hydrochloride is a combination medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It combines glipizide, a sulfonylurea that stimulates insulin release, and metformin, which decreases hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity. The medication is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. Key clinical findings include significant reductions in HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels. Important safety information includes the risk of lactic acidosis, particularly in patients with renal impairment, and hypoglycemia. The initial dose is 2.5 mg/250 mg once daily with a meal, with gradual dose escalation as needed and tolerated. Special population considerations include use during pregnancy, nursing, pediatric, and geriatric populations, with specific precautions and monitoring recommended.

Key Clinical Findings and Indications

Improves glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes
Significant reductions in HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels
Indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise

Important Safety Information

Warning

Risk of lactic acidosis, particularly in patients with renal impairment, and hypoglycemia

Contraindications

Renal disease or renal dysfunction
Known hypersensitivity to glipizide or metformin hydrochloride
Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis

Adverse Reactions

Hypoglycemia
Gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
Headache, dizziness, and upper respiratory infection

Dosing Recommendations

General Guidance

Dose adjustments should be made based on careful and regular monitoring of renal function, particularly in elderly patients

Type 2 diabetes

Adult Dose

2.5 mg/250 mg once daily with a meal, with gradual dose escalation as needed and tolerated

Pediatric Dose

Not recommended for pediatric patients

Special Population Considerations

Pregnancy

Not recommended for use during pregnancy
Should be discontinued at least 1 month before the expected delivery date

Nursing Mothers

Should be used with caution, as glipizide is excreted in human milk and metformin is excreted into milk in lactating rats

Pediatric Use

Not recommended for pediatric patients

Geriatric Use

Should be used with caution, as aging is associated with reduced renal function
Dose selection should be conservative, and patients should be monitored closely for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia

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