Ketamine Hydrochloride

KETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Manufacturer: Medical Purchasing Solutions, LLC

Score: 141.0

Quick Summary

Ketamine Hydrochloride is a nonbarbiturate general anesthetic used for diagnostic and surgical procedures that do not require skeletal muscle relaxation, as well as for the induction of anesthesia prior to the administration of other general anesthetic agents. It is contraindicated in patients with significant elevation of blood pressure and known hypersensitivity to ketamine. The initial dose for induction of anesthesia is 1-4.5 mg/kg intravenously or 6.5-13 mg/kg intramuscularly, with maintenance doses adjusted according to the patient's anesthetic needs. Special considerations are needed for use in pregnancy, pediatric, and geriatric populations due to potential risks of neuroapoptosis, cognitive deficits, and other adverse effects.

Key Clinical Findings and Indications

Used as a sole anesthetic agent for diagnostic and surgical procedures
Induction of anesthesia prior to the administration of other general anesthetic agents
Supplement to other anesthetic agents
Rapidly-acting general anesthetic producing a dissociative anesthetic state
Produces profound analgesia, normal pharyngeal-laryngeal reflexes, and cardiovascular and respiratory stimulation

Important Safety Information

Warning

Ketamine Hydrochloride Injection is contraindicated in patients for whom a significant elevation of blood pressure would constitute a serious hazard and in patients with known hypersensitivity to ketamine.

Contraindications

Significant elevation of blood pressure
Known hypersensitivity to ketamine

Adverse Reactions

Emergence reactions
Respiratory depression
Cardiovascular instability
Nystagmus
Elevation in intraocular pressure
Anaphylaxis

Dosing Recommendations

General Guidance

Adjust the maintenance dose according to the patient's anesthetic needs and whether an additional anesthetic agent is employed.

Induction of anesthesia

Adult Dose

1-4.5 mg/kg intravenously or 6.5-13 mg/kg intramuscularly

Pediatric Dose

Not established for pediatric patients below the age of 16

Special Population Considerations

Pregnancy

Ketamine Hydrochloride Injection use in pregnancy is not recommended due to potential risks of neuroapoptosis and cognitive deficits

Nursing Mothers

No data available on the use of Ketamine Hydrochloride Injection in nursing mothers

Pediatric Use

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 16 have not been established

Geriatric Use

Clinical studies of ketamine hydrochloride did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects

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